Dressing Harald, Sartorius Alexander, Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas
Zentralinstitut fur Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim, Universitat Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
Neurocase. 2008;14(1):7-14. doi: 10.1080/13554790801992800.
This review outlines recent neurobiological findings in humans relevant for the practice of law and forensic psychiatry. We focus on offenders with antisocial personality disorder and on sex offenders. In addition, the impact of risk polymorphisms in monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), previously related to violence in interaction with the environment, on brain structure and function and on personality traits in healthy persons are presented. While increasing knowledge of functional and structural alterations provides a better understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of delinquent behaviour, antisocial and violent behaviour arises from a complex pattern of biological, psychological, social and situational factors, precluding a stance of simple biological reductionism. Rather, optimal integration of neurobiological findings requires cooperation among many disciplines such as medicine, criminology, sociology, psychology, politics and neuroscience.
本综述概述了近期在人类神经生物学方面与法律实践和法医精神病学相关的研究发现。我们重点关注患有反社会人格障碍的罪犯和性犯罪者。此外，还介绍了单胺氧化酶A（MAO-A）中风险多态性对健康人脑部结构和功能以及人格特质的影响，MAO-A此前被认为与环境相互作用中的暴力行为有关。虽然对功能和结构改变的了解不断增加，有助于更好地理解犯罪行为的神经生物学基础，但反社会和暴力行为是由生物、心理、社会和情境因素的复杂模式导致的，不能采取简单的生物还原论立场。相反，要实现神经生物学研究结果的最佳整合，需要医学、犯罪学、社会学、心理学、政治学和神经科学等多学科的合作。
