Papaioannou E, Roukas T, Liakopoulou-Kyriakides M
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Prep Biochem Biotechnol. 2008;38(3):246-56. doi: 10.1080/10826060802164942.
The production of carotenoids from Blakeslea trispora cells in a synthetic medium has been reported, with the main products being beta-carotene, lycopene, and gamma-carotene. The effect of biomass pretreatment and solvent extraction on their selective recovery is reported here. Eight solvents of class II and III of the International Conference of Harmonization: ethanol, methanol, acetone, 2-propanol, pentane, hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethyl ether, and HPLC analysis were used for the evaluation of their selectivities towards the three main carotenoids with regard to different biomass pre-treatment. The average C(max) values (maximum concentration of caronoids in a specific solvent) were estimated to 16 mg/L with the five out of eight solvents investigated, whereas methanol, pentane, and hexane gave lower values of 10, 11, and 9 mg/L, respectively. The highest carotenoid yield was obtained in the case of wet biomass, where 44-56% is recovered with one solvent and three extractions and the rest is recovered only after subsequent treatment with acetone; thus, four extractions of 2.5 h are needed. Two extractions of 54 min are enough to recover carotenoids from dehydrated biomass, with the disadvantage of a high degree of degradation. Our results showed that, for maximum carotenoid recovery, ethyl ether, 2-propanol, and ethanol could be successfully used with biomass without prior treatment, whereas fractions enriched in beta-carotene or lycopene can be obtained by extraction with the proper solvent, thus avoiding degradation due to time-consuming processes.
已有报道称在合成培养基中利用三孢布拉氏霉菌细胞生产类胡萝卜素，主要产物为β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素和γ-胡萝卜素。本文报道了生物质预处理和溶剂萃取对其选择性回收的影响。使用国际协调会议II类和III类的八种溶剂：乙醇、甲醇、丙酮、2-丙醇、戊烷、己烷、乙酸乙酯和乙醚，以及高效液相色谱分析来评估它们在不同生物质预处理条件下对三种主要类胡萝卜素的选择性。在所研究的八种溶剂中有五种溶剂的平均C(max)值（特定溶剂中类胡萝卜素的最大浓度）估计为16mg/L，而甲醇、戊烷和己烷的C(max)值较低，分别为10mg/L、11mg/L和9mg/L。在湿生物质的情况下获得了最高的类胡萝卜素产量，用一种溶剂进行三次萃取可回收44%-56%，其余部分仅在随后用丙酮处理后才能回收；因此，需要进行四次每次2.5小时的萃取。两次每次54分钟的萃取足以从脱水生物质中回收类胡萝卜素，缺点是降解程度较高。我们的结果表明，为了最大程度地回收类胡萝卜素，乙醚、2-丙醇和乙醇可成功用于未经预处理的生物质，而通过用适当的溶剂萃取可获得富含β-胡萝卜素或番茄红素的馏分，从而避免因耗时过程导致的降解。
