Simşekoğlu Ozlem, Lajunen Timo
Human Factors and Safety Behavior Group, Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2008;9(3):264-7. doi: 10.1080/15389580801966508.
Low seat belt use rate among car occupants is one of the main problems contributing to low driver and passenger safety in Turkey, where injury and fatality rates of car occupants are very high in traffic crashes. The present article consists of two observation studies, which were conducted in Ankara. The first study aimed at investigating environmental factors and occupant characteristics affecting seat belt use among front-seat occupants, and the objective of the second study was to investigate the relationship between driver and front-seat passenger seat belt use.
In the first study, 4, 227 front-seat occupants (drivers or front seat passengers) were observed on four different road sides and, in the second study 1, 398 front seat occupants were observed in car parks of five different shopping centers in Ankara. In both observations, front-seat occupants' seat bet use (yes, no), sex (male, female), and age (< 30 years, 30-50 years, > 50 years) were recorded.
The data were analyzed using chi-square statistics and binary logistic regression techniques. Results of the first study showed that seat belt use proportion among observed front seat occupants was very low (25%). Being female and traveling on intercity roads were two main factors positively related to use a seat belt among front-seat occupants. High correlations between seat belt use of the drivers and front-seat passengers were found in the second study.
Overall, low seat belt use rate (25%) among the front-seat occupants should be increased urgently for an improved driver and passenger safety in Turkey. Seat belt campaigns especially tailored for male front-seat occupants and for the front-seat occupants traveling on city roads are needed to increase seat belt use rates among them. Also, both drivers and passengers may have an important role in enforcing seat belt use among themselves.
在土耳其，汽车驾乘人员安全带使用率低是导致驾驶员和乘客安全系数低的主要问题之一，该国交通事故中汽车驾乘人员的伤亡率很高。本文包含两项在安卡拉进行的观察性研究。第一项研究旨在调查影响前排驾乘人员安全带使用情况的环境因素和驾乘人员特征，第二项研究的目的是调查驾驶员和前排乘客安全带使用情况之间的关系。
在第一项研究中，在四条不同的路边观察了4227名前排驾乘人员（驾驶员或前排乘客），在第二项研究中，在安卡拉五个不同购物中心的停车场观察了1398名前排驾乘人员。在这两项观察中，记录了前排驾乘人员的安全带使用情况（是、否）、性别（男、女）和年龄（<30岁、30 - 50岁、>50岁）。
使用卡方统计和二元逻辑回归技术对数据进行了分析。第一项研究的结果表明，观察到的前排驾乘人员中安全带使用率非常低（25%）。女性以及在城市间道路上行驶是与前排驾乘人员使用安全带呈正相关的两个主要因素。在第二项研究中发现驾驶员和前排乘客的安全带使用情况之间存在高度相关性。
总体而言，为提高土耳其驾驶员和乘客的安全性，应紧急提高前排驾乘人员中较低的安全带使用率（25%）。需要开展专门针对男性前排驾乘人员以及在城市道路上行驶的前排驾乘人员的安全带宣传活动，以提高他们的安全带使用率。此外，驾驶员和乘客自身在促使对方使用安全带方面可能都起着重要作用。
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