Zhang Ning, Yin Guoyong
Spine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Jiangsu, 210029, P. R. China.
Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2008 Apr;22(4):385-9.
To describe the up-to-date development in spine and spine cord injuries.
To summarize the clinical and basic research on spine and spine cord injuries were summarized by reviewing papers and combining them with our own experience.
The occipitocervical and atlantoaxial fusions by the pedicle or the lateral mass screw were widely used to treat the upper cervical fractures. The anterior cervical plate, posterior pedicle or lateral mass screw fixation techniques were used in treatment of lower cervical fractures. The clinical application of artificial cervical disc replacement showed the good biomechanical results in treatment of serious cervical disc diseases. However, there were no unified criteria for selection of the surgical approach, fixation level, and fusion model in the treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures. Lumbar posterior dynamic fixation and artificial disc replacement for treatment of degenerative lumbar disc diseases provided the biomechanical stabilization and reduced the morbidity of adjacent segment diseases, but there was lack of long-term follow-up results. The basic research in spine cord injuries, especially in apoptotic signal pathway, made great progress. The biological treatment including cell transplantation and gene therapy provided the solid theoretical foundation for clinical application.
The reparative and reconstructive development in spine and spine cord injuries has made great progress in recent years.
描述脊柱及脊髓损伤的最新进展。
通过查阅文献并结合自身经验，总结脊柱及脊髓损伤的临床及基础研究。
经椎弓根或侧块螺钉行枕颈及寰枢椎融合术广泛应用于治疗上颈椎骨折。颈椎前路钢板、后路椎弓根或侧块螺钉固定技术用于治疗下颈椎骨折。人工颈椎间盘置换术的临床应用在治疗严重颈椎间盘疾病方面显示出良好的生物力学效果。然而，在胸腰椎骨折的治疗中，手术入路、固定节段及融合方式的选择尚无统一标准。腰椎后路动态固定及人工椎间盘置换治疗退变性腰椎间盘疾病可提供生物力学稳定并降低相邻节段疾病的发生率，但缺乏长期随访结果。脊髓损伤的基础研究，尤其是凋亡信号通路方面取得了很大进展。包括细胞移植和基因治疗在内的生物治疗为临床应用提供了坚实的理论基础。
近年来脊柱及脊髓损伤的修复与重建取得了很大进展。
