Goldscheider C, Mosher W D
Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Stud Fam Plann. 1991 Mar-Apr;22(2):102-15.
Previous research has shown that the major religious communities in the US have all shifted their expected family size downward but significant differences in contraceptive use styles continue to characterize Catholics, Protestants, Jews, and those of no religious affiliation. This paper examines data from Cycle IV of the National Survey of Family Growth (1988) to extend the time period covered by previous research by comparing the emerging contraceptive use patterns and fertility expectations among women in the late 1980s with earlier cohorts from previous national studies, beginning in the 1960s. The categories of religious affiliation are extended to include specific religious denominations (fundamentalist Protestants, Baptists, and other denominations, as well as Mormons) and include measures of religiosity--church attendance, the extent of receiving communion among Catholics, and attendance at church-related schools. These data are examined for blacks, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites. The analysis suggests how religious affiliation and religiosity continue to be important factors in the contraceptive paths to low fertility under general conditions of controlled fertility and in the context of secularization.
先前的研究表明，美国的主要宗教群体都已下调了其期望的家庭规模，但天主教徒、新教徒、犹太教徒以及无宗教信仰者在避孕方式上仍存在显著差异。本文分析了《全国家庭成长调查》第四轮（1988年）的数据，通过比较20世纪80年代末女性中新兴的避孕使用模式和生育期望与始于20世纪60年代的先前全国性研究中的早期队列，来扩展先前研究涵盖的时间段。宗教归属类别得到扩展，纳入了特定的宗教教派（原教旨主义新教徒、浸礼会教徒和其他教派，以及摩门教徒），并包括宗教虔诚度的衡量指标——教堂礼拜出席率、天主教徒领圣餐的程度以及在教会相关学校的就读情况。对黑人、西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人的数据进行了分析。分析表明，在生育得到控制的总体条件下以及在世俗化背景下，宗教归属和宗教虔诚度如何继续成为低生育率避孕途径中的重要因素。
