Ye Jun, Kimble H J, Katori Hidetoshi
JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA.
Science. 2008 Jun 27;320(5884):1734-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1148259.
Precision metrology and quantum measurement often demand that matter be prepared in well-defined quantum states for both internal and external degrees of freedom. Laser-cooled neutral atoms localized in a deeply confining optical potential satisfy this requirement. With an appropriate choice of wavelength and polarization for the optical trap, two electronic states of an atom can experience the same trapping potential, permitting coherent control of electronic transitions independent of the atomic center-of-mass motion. Here, we review a number of recent experiments that use this approach to investigate precision quantum metrology for optical atomic clocks and coherent control of optical interactions of single atoms and photons within the context of cavity quantum electrodynamics. We also provide a brief survey of promising prospects for future work.
精密计量学和量子测量通常要求物质的内部和外部自由度都处于明确的量子态。被囚禁在深度限制光学势阱中的激光冷却中性原子满足这一要求。通过为光学阱适当选择波长和偏振，原子的两个电子态可以经历相同的囚禁势，从而允许独立于原子质心运动对电子跃迁进行相干控制。在这里，我们回顾了一些最近的实验，这些实验利用这种方法在腔量子电动力学的背景下研究光原子钟的精密量子计量学以及单原子与光子光学相互作用的相干控制。我们还简要概述了未来工作的前景。
