Serpen Arda, Gökmen Vural, Karagöz Alptekin, Köksel Hamit
Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800 Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Aug 27;56(16):7285-92. doi: 10.1021/jf8010855. Epub 2008 Jul 2.
In this study, samples of 18 ancient wheat (12 emmer, 6 einkorn) and 2 bread wheat varieties grown in different regions of Turkey were examined for their total phenolics and flavonoids, phenolic acids, lutein, total yellow pigment, and total radical scavenging capacities against ABTS cation. Results showed that health beneficial phytochemicals and total antioxidant capacities were generally significantly different in emmer and einkorn wheat groups. Remarkably higher total antioxidant activity (18.31 +/- 1.31 micromol Trolox equiv/g), total phenolics (6.33 +/- 0.98 micromol gallic acid equiv/g), ferulic acid (662.95 +/- 61.07 microg/g), and flavonoids (1.61 +/- 0.34 micromol catechin equiv/g) content were detected in emmer wheat samples (n = 12), suggesting that they may have high potential for utilization as a novel grain, rich in natural antioxidants. In addition, quite high levels of lutein (7.33 +/- 2.43 microg/g) of einkorn samples (n = 6) hold the potential of developing high-lutein bakery products to considerably raise the dietary intake of carotenoids. These findings for ancient wheat varieties are considered to be very useful in breeding programs for selecting and breeding wheat varieties for higher concentration and better composition of health-beneficial phytochemicals.
在本研究中，对生长于土耳其不同地区的18个古老小麦品种（12个二粒小麦、6个一粒小麦）样本以及2个面包小麦品种样本进行了检测，分析其总酚、黄酮类化合物、酚酸、叶黄素、总黄色素以及对ABTS阳离子的总自由基清除能力。结果表明，二粒小麦组和一粒小麦组中对健康有益的植物化学物质和总抗氧化能力通常存在显著差异。在二粒小麦样本（n = 12）中检测到显著更高的总抗氧化活性（18.31 +/- 1.31微摩尔Trolox当量/克）、总酚（6.33 +/- 0.98微摩尔没食子酸当量/克）、阿魏酸（662.95 +/- 61.07微克/克）和黄酮类化合物（1.61 +/- 0.34微摩尔儿茶素当量/克）含量，这表明它们作为富含天然抗氧化剂的新型谷物具有很高的利用潜力。此外，一粒小麦样本（n = 6）中相当高含量的叶黄素（7.33 +/- 2.43微克/克）具有开发高叶黄素烘焙产品的潜力，可大幅提高类胡萝卜素的膳食摄入量。古老小麦品种的这些研究结果被认为对育种计划非常有用，有助于筛选和培育具有更高浓度和更好健康有益植物化学物质组成的小麦品种。
