Kozlowski L T
College of Health and Human Development, Penn State University, University Park 16802.
Br J Addict. 1991 May;86(5):517-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01800.x.
Despite comparable estimates of 'heritability' for tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking, the human genetics of drinking has been a fashionable topic for research, while the human genetics of smoking has been neglected or viewed with suspicion. The differing course of genetic themes in the alcohol and tobacco areas is discussed in relation to (a) different historical pressures which promoted disease models of alcoholism and 'bad habit' models of heavy smoking and (b) possible fundamental differences in the nature of cigarette and alcohol use. This topic is further complicated by the substantial co-occurrence of heavy smoking and heavy drinking, so that the genetic determinants may well over-lap. 'Cross-cultural' comparison of these contrasting interests in genetics is argued to be an important topic for future research.
尽管对吸烟和饮酒的“遗传度”估计相当，但饮酒的人类遗传学一直是热门研究话题，而吸烟的人类遗传学却被忽视或受到质疑。本文讨论了酒精和烟草领域遗传主题的不同发展历程，涉及（a）促使酒精中毒疾病模型和重度吸烟“不良习惯”模型形成的不同历史压力，以及（b）香烟和酒精使用本质上可能存在的根本差异。重度吸烟和重度饮酒大量共存使这个话题更加复杂，以至于遗传决定因素很可能相互重叠。对这些遗传学方面截然不同兴趣的“跨文化”比较被认为是未来研究的一个重要课题。
