Swan G E, Carmelli D, Rosenman R H, Fabsitz R R, Christian J C
Health Sciences Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025.
J Subst Abuse. 1990;2(1):39-50. doi: 10.1016/s0899-3289(05)80044-6.
This paper examines the heritability of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in 360 adult, male twin pair participants (176 monozygotic and 184 dizygotic pairs) in the second exam of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's Twin Study. Heritability estimates for smoking and alcohol use were calculated both before and after adjustment for shared variance between these behaviors and other characteristics, including coffee consumption, contact between twins, and two psychological traits: anger and activity. The purpose of the analysis was to determine the impact of adjustment for covariates on heritability estimates of smoking and alcohol use. Before adjustment, heritability of both smoking and alcohol use was highly significant and accounted for 52% and 60% of the variance, respectively. After adjustment for covariates, the heritability of smoking remained at 52% while that for alcohol use decreased to 43%. The fact that these estimates remained significant after adjustment for covariates leads to increased confidence about the role of genetics in both smoking and alcohol consumption.
本文在国立心肺血液研究所双胞胎研究的第二次检查中，对360名成年男性双胞胎参与者（176对同卵双胞胎和184对异卵双胞胎）的吸烟和饮酒遗传度进行了研究。在对吸烟和饮酒行为与其他特征（包括咖啡摄入量、双胞胎之间的接触以及愤怒和活动这两种心理特质）之间的共享方差进行调整前后，分别计算了吸烟和饮酒的遗传度估计值。分析的目的是确定协变量调整对吸烟和饮酒遗传度估计值的影响。调整前，吸烟和饮酒的遗传度均高度显著，分别占方差的52%和60%。在对协变量进行调整后，吸烟的遗传度仍为52%，而饮酒的遗传度降至43%。这些估计值在对协变量进行调整后仍具有显著性，这一事实增强了我们对基因在吸烟和饮酒行为中所起作用的信心。
