Bosanquet N, Trigg A
RHBNC, University of London.
Br J Addict. 1991 May;86(5):627-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01820.x.
This paper reviews the agenda for economic research near the beginning of a formative period for policy marked by much greater involvement by the EC (European Community). There are few signs as yet of any diffusion process at work in Europe to bring about reductions in smoking. Effective use of incentives will be needed to bring about reductions in smoking by 2000 and to stop yet further massive increases in mortality from smoking related disease. Research is needed on price and income elasticities in Europe as the EC introduces new policies for raising cigarette taxes and prices. Currently most estimates are based on US and UK data. There is also an important research agenda on the decision-making process in Europe covering the policy response of national governments and professions as well as the future role of the EC Commission. Finally, research is needed on the micro-economic determinants of the demand for tobacco products across Europe by households. Household data from family expenditure surveys are now available across Europe so that it is now possible to construct micro demand systems for each European country.
本文回顾了在政策形成期初期的经济研究议程，这一时期的标志是欧洲共同体（EC）的参与程度大幅提高。目前几乎没有迹象表明欧洲正在开展任何旨在减少吸烟的传播进程。要在2000年前减少吸烟，并阻止与吸烟相关疾病导致的死亡率进一步大幅上升，就需要有效利用激励措施。随着欧共体出台提高卷烟税和价格的新政策，有必要对欧洲的价格和收入弹性进行研究。目前大多数估计是基于美国和英国的数据。欧洲还存在一个重要的研究议程，涉及决策过程，包括各国政府和行业的政策反应以及欧共体委员会的未来作用。最后，有必要对欧洲家庭对烟草产品需求的微观经济决定因素进行研究。现在欧洲各地都有家庭支出调查的家庭数据，因此现在有可能为每个欧洲国家构建微观需求系统。
