Bleiker M A
International Tuberculosis Surveillance Centre, Hague, The Netherlands.
Bull Int Union Tuberc Lung Dis. 1991 Mar;66(1):53-6.
In the present stage of development where tuberculosis mortality has lost its statistical significance because of effective chemotherapy, it is generally recognized that the most reliable measure of the extent of the tuberculosis problem in a population is the "annual tuberculosis infection rate" or incidence of infection. In countries where infection with the bovine type of tubercle bacilli no longer exists, as is the case in the majority of low prevalence countries, the annual infection rate expresses that proportion of the population under study which will be primarily infected, or reinfected with tubercle bacilli from a human source in the course of one year. The annual tuberculosis infection rate is also the best measure for following the trend of the tuberculosis problem in a given population and for evaluating the total effects of organized efforts to control tuberculosis.
在结核病死亡率因有效化疗而失去统计学意义的现阶段，人们普遍认为，衡量人群中结核病问题严重程度最可靠的指标是“年度结核病感染率”或感染发病率。在大多数结核病低发国家，牛型结核杆菌感染已不复存在，年度感染率表明在一年时间里，受研究人群中将会首次感染或再次感染源自人类的结核杆菌的比例。年度结核病感染率也是跟踪特定人群中结核病问题发展趋势以及评估有组织的结核病防控工作总体效果的最佳指标。
