Coquart J B J, Garcin M
Laboratoire d'Etudes de la Motricité Humaine, Faculté des Sciences du Sport et de l'Education Physique, Université de Lille 2, Ronchin, France.
Int J Sports Med. 2008 Dec;29(12):976-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1038741. Epub 2008 Jul 3.
The main purpose of this study was to examine the influence of knowledge of running length (i.e., duration or distance), or the lack of it (unknown endpoint) on the ratings of perceived exertion and estimated time to exhaustion. Fourteen men were recruited for this study. Participants performed 3 tests of a similar intensity (90 % maximal aerobic velocity) and length (100 % Tlim/Dlim). However, the exercise length was differently expressed. This was either unknown or defined in terms of duration or distance. The tests with a known length were performed in a counterbalanced order. During the tests, ratings of perceived exertion, estimated time to exhaustion, and heart rate were measured then compared by using 2-way analysis of variance for repeated measures. The results show that the ratings of perceived exertion, estimated time to exhaustion, and heart rate increased significantly with exercise duration (p < .001). Moreover, the ratings of perceived exertion were significantly different between the test with an unknown running endpoint and that with a known running distance at 40, 60 and 80 % Tlim (p < .05). Therefore, athletes perceived the run as being easier during the test with an unknown running endpoint compared to the test with a known running distance. Consequently, knowledge of running length influenced the ratings of perceived exertion probably due to teleoanticipation.
本研究的主要目的是检验跑步长度（即持续时间或距离）的知晓情况，或对其不知晓（终点未知）对自觉用力程度评级以及估计的力竭时间的影响。本研究招募了14名男性。参与者进行了3次强度相似（最大有氧速度的90%）且长度相同（100% Tlim/Dlim）的测试。然而，运动长度的表述方式有所不同。其要么未知，要么以持续时间或距离来定义。已知长度的测试以平衡顺序进行。在测试过程中，测量自觉用力程度评级、估计的力竭时间和心率，然后使用重复测量的双向方差分析进行比较。结果表明，自觉用力程度评级、估计的力竭时间和心率随运动持续时间显著增加（p < .001）。此外，在Tlim的40%、60%和80%时，终点未知的测试与已知跑步距离的测试之间，自觉用力程度评级存在显著差异（p < .05）。因此，与已知跑步距离的测试相比，运动员在终点未知的测试中感觉跑步更轻松。所以，跑步长度的知晓情况可能由于目的预期而影响了自觉用力程度评级。
