Stewart Neil, Ellis Andrew W
Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, England.
Psychon Bull Rev. 2008 Feb;15(1):70-4. doi: 10.3758/pbr.15.1.70.
In the age-of-acquisition (AoA) effect, an advantage for recognition and production is found for items learned early in life, as compared with items learned later. In this laboratory analogue, participants learned to categorize novel random checkerboard stimuli. Some stimuli were presented from the onset of training; others were introduced later. At test, when early and late stimuli had equal cumulative frequency, early stimuli were classified significantly more quickly. Because stimuli were randomly assigned to be introduced either early or late, we can conclude that early stimuli were categorized more quickly because of their order of acquisition. This finding suggests that age- or order-of-acquisition effects are a general property of any learning system.
在习得年龄（AoA）效应中，与后期学习的项目相比，人们发现早期生活中学习的项目在识别和生成方面具有优势。在这个实验室模拟实验中，参与者学习对新颖的随机棋盘刺激进行分类。一些刺激从训练开始时就呈现；其他刺激则在稍后引入。在测试时，当早期和晚期刺激具有相等的累积频率时，早期刺激的分类速度明显更快。由于刺激是随机分配为早期或晚期引入的，我们可以得出结论，早期刺激分类更快是因为它们的习得顺序。这一发现表明，习得年龄或顺序效应是任何学习系统的普遍属性。
