Shing Yee Lee, Werkle-Bergner Markus, Li Shu-Chen, Lindenberger Ulman
Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany.
Memory. 2009 Feb;17(2):169-79. doi: 10.1080/09658210802190596.
We investigated lifespan differences of confidence calibration in episodic memory, particularly the susceptibility to high-confidence errors within samples of children, teenagers, younger adults, and older adults. Using an associative recognition memory paradigm, we drew a direct link between older adults' associative deficit and high-confidence errors. We predicted that only older adults would show high-confidence error even though their memory performance was at a similar level to that of children. Participants of all ages showed higher confidence following correct responses compared to incorrect responses, demonstrating the ability to calibrate subjective confidence in relation to memory accuracy. However, older adults were disproportionately more likely to indicate high confidence following erroneously remembered word pairs than participants of the other three age groups. Results are discussed in relation to the misrecollection account of high-confidence errors and ageing-related decline in hippocampus-dependent episodic memory functions.
我们研究了情景记忆中信心校准的寿命差异，特别是儿童、青少年、年轻成年人和老年人样本中对高信心错误的易感性。使用联想识别记忆范式，我们建立了老年人联想缺陷与高信心错误之间的直接联系。我们预测，即使老年人的记忆表现与儿童相似，只有他们会出现高信心错误。与错误反应相比，所有年龄段的参与者在正确反应后都表现出更高的信心，这表明他们有能力根据记忆准确性校准主观信心。然而，与其他三个年龄组的参与者相比，老年人在错误记忆单词对后更有可能表现出高信心。我们结合高信心错误的错误回忆理论以及与衰老相关的海马体依赖情景记忆功能衰退来讨论研究结果。
