Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine, 2002 Holcombe Boulevard (Rm 4B-370), Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 1995 Sep;6(1):31-6. doi: 10.1016/0924-8579(95)00017-3.
The antimicrobial susceptibility to ten antibiotics of 197 staphylococcal isolates recovered over a 10-year period from patients with vascular catheter-related bacteremia was examined. Isolated organisms induced methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (95 isolates), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (42 isolates) and methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (60 isolates). A microtiter assay was used to determine the MIC and MBC of individual antibiotics and to conduct time-kill studies of certain drug combinations. The activity of clidamycin, cefamandole and oxacillin was generally restricted to methicillin-sensitive organisms, whereas daptomycin, novobiocin, teicoplanin and vancomycin exhibited bactericidal activity against all tested staphylococcal species. Bacterial resistance to ciprofloxacin was detected among the more recent isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Minocycline and rifampin demonstrated bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity, respectively, against all groups of organisms. The interaction of rifampin with minocycline, vancomycin, or novobiocin was generally indifferent. The results of this study support the ongoing efforts for evaluation of the antimicrobial efficacy of vascular catheters coated with the combination of minocycline and rifampin.
对 197 株从 10 年间血行导管相关性菌血症患者中分离出的葡萄球菌进行了 10 种抗生素的药敏试验。分离出的细菌包括耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（95 株）、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（42 株）和耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌（60 株）。采用微量肉汤稀释法测定了各抗生素的 MIC 和 MBC，并对某些药物组合进行了杀菌动力学研究。克林霉素、头孢孟多和苯唑西林的活性通常局限于耐甲氧西林敏感的细菌，而达托霉素、新生霉素、替考拉宁和万古霉素对所有测试的葡萄球菌均具有杀菌活性。耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌中最近分离出的细菌对环丙沙星的耐药性有所增加。米诺环素和利福平对所有细菌均表现出抑菌和杀菌活性。利福平与米诺环素、万古霉素或新生霉素的相互作用通常无差异。本研究结果支持对米诺环素和利福平联合涂层血管导管的抗菌效果进行评估的持续努力。
