Daghino Stefania, Martino Elena, Vurro Emanuela, Tomatis Maura, Girlanda Mariangela, Fubini Bice, Perotto Silvia
Interdepartmental Centre G. Scansetti for Studies on Asbestos and Other Toxic Particulates, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2008 Aug;285(2):242-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01239.x.
Asbestos minerals are commonly found in serpentine rocks and because of the hazard to human health, research has recently focused on possible detoxification strategies. Some fungal species that inhabit serpentine sites (two disused chrysotile asbestos mines in the Western Alps) have been isolated and characterized in order to obtain data on their biodiversity and bioweathering abilities on chrysotile fibres. The three dominant species (Verticillium leptobactrum, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Aspergillus fumigatus) have proved to be able to actively remove iron from chrysotile fibres, V. leptobactrum being the most efficient. A wide range of serpentinicolous fungi release siderophores, iron-chelating compounds, that could play a role in iron extraction from fibres. Iron removal had been correlated previously with a decrease in the toxic potential of fibres, and a biotechnological application of fungi can be envisaged for asbestos detoxification.
石棉矿物常见于蛇纹岩中，由于其对人类健康的危害，最近的研究集中在可能的解毒策略上。一些栖息在蛇纹岩地区（西阿尔卑斯山的两个废弃温石棉矿）的真菌物种已被分离和鉴定，以便获取有关它们在温石棉纤维上的生物多样性和生物风化能力的数据。三种优势物种（细极链格孢、淡紫拟青霉和烟曲霉）已被证明能够从温石棉纤维中主动去除铁，细极链格孢最为有效。多种嗜蛇纹岩真菌会释放铁载体，即铁螯合化合物，它们可能在从纤维中提取铁的过程中发挥作用。此前已将铁的去除与纤维毒性潜力的降低联系起来，并且可以设想将真菌用于石棉解毒的生物技术应用。
