Simons Michael, Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate
Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie, RWTH Aachen.
Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2008 May;36(3):151-61. doi: 10.1024/1422-4917.36.3.151.
In recent years, the definitions of trauma and individual criteria of posttraumatic disorders as defined in ICD-10 and DSM-IV have been critically discussed. The category of acute stress disorder is questioned due to an over-emphasis on dissociative symptoms and a pathologizing of normal reactions after trauma. The criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder, especially those with regard to childhood and adolescence, need revision. Scheeringa and co-workers have since defined PTSD-criteria that are more suitable and specific for posttraumatic reactions and disorders in toddlers and children. Moreover, the "Complex Trauma Taskforce" of the National Child Traumatic Stress Network proposes a diagnosis called Developmental Trauma Disorder to better capture the problems of children suffering from early and complex traumata.
近年来，人们对《国际疾病分类第10版》（ICD - 10）和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册第4版》（DSM - IV）中创伤的定义以及创伤后障碍的个体标准进行了批判性讨论。急性应激障碍这一类别受到质疑，因为它过度强调解离症状，且将创伤后的正常反应病理化。创伤后应激障碍的标准，尤其是针对儿童和青少年的标准，需要修订。此后，谢林加及其同事定义了更适合且更具体地适用于幼儿和儿童创伤后反应及障碍的创伤后应激障碍标准。此外，国家儿童创伤应激网络的“复杂创伤特别工作组”提出了一种名为发育性创伤障碍的诊断，以更好地描述遭受早期复杂创伤儿童的问题。
