Urban Jirí, Jandera Pavel
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic.
J Sep Sci. 2008 Aug;31(14):2521-40. doi: 10.1002/jssc.200800182.
In recent years, continuous separation media have attracted considerable attention because of the advantages they offer over packed columns. This research resulted in two useful monolithic material types, the first based on modified silica gel and the second on organic polymers. This work attempts to review advances in the development, characterization, and applications of monolithic columns based on synthetic polymers in capillary chromatography, with the main focus on monolithic beds prepared from methacrylate-ester based monomers. The polymerization conditions used in the production of polymethacrylate monolithic capillary columns are surveyed, with attention being paid to the concentrations of monomers, porogen solvents, and polymerization initiators as the system variables used to control the porous and hydrodynamic properties of the monolithic media. The simplicity of their preparation as well as the possibilities of controlling of their porous properties and surface chemistries are the main benefits of the polymer monolithic capillary columns in comparison to capillary columns packed with particulate materials. The application areas considered in this review concern mainly separations in reversed-phase chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography, hydrophobic and hydrophilic interaction modes; enzyme immobilization and sample preparation in the capillary chromatography format are also addressed.
近年来，连续分离介质因其相对于填充柱的优势而备受关注。这项研究产生了两种有用的整体材料类型，第一种基于改性硅胶，第二种基于有机聚合物。本文试图综述基于合成聚合物的整体柱在毛细管色谱中的发展、表征及应用进展，主要聚焦于由甲基丙烯酸酯基单体制备的整体床。考察了聚甲基丙烯酸酯整体毛细管柱生产中使用的聚合条件，重点关注单体、致孔剂溶剂和聚合引发剂的浓度，这些是用于控制整体介质多孔和流体动力学性质的系统变量。与填充颗粒材料的毛细管柱相比，聚合物整体毛细管柱制备简单，且能够控制其多孔性质和表面化学性质，这是其主要优点。本综述中考虑的应用领域主要涉及反相色谱、离子交换色谱、疏水和亲水相互作用模式下的分离；还讨论了毛细管色谱形式下的酶固定化和样品制备。
