Bishop R F, Cameron D J, Barnes G L, Holmes I H, Ruck B J
Ciba Found Symp. 1976(42):223-36. doi: 10.1002/9780470720240.ch13.
Diarrhoea is a common problem in newborn infants in hospital nurseries. In the past, sporadic diarrhoea was often attributed to dietary indiscretion by the mother, and epidemic diarrhoea was though to be caused by an unknown infectious agent. Techniques with which to locate non-cultivable viruses and untypable enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli allow reevaluation of the aetiology of diarrhoea in newborn infants. Preliminary results from Melbourne, Australia, suggest that most diarrhoea in newborn infants is induced by a specific infectious agent. During 1975 the agent most often identified from sporadic and epidemic diarrhoea in hospital nurseries was a reovirus-like particle ("duovirus"). Enterotoxin-producing strains of E. coli were rarely isolated. Future attempts to protect newborn infants from developing diarrhoea must be based on an accurate understanding of the aetiology of this disease.
腹泻是医院新生儿病房中常见的问题。过去，散发性腹泻常被归咎于母亲饮食不当，而流行性腹泻则被认为是由一种未知的传染因子引起的。用于定位不可培养病毒和无法分型的致病性大肠杆菌菌株的技术，使得对新生儿腹泻病因的重新评估成为可能。澳大利亚墨尔本的初步结果表明，大多数新生儿腹泻是由一种特定的传染因子引起的。1975年期间，在医院新生儿病房中，从散发性和流行性腹泻中最常鉴定出的病原体是一种呼肠孤病毒样颗粒（“双病毒”）。产肠毒素的大肠杆菌菌株很少被分离出来。未来保护新生儿不患腹泻的努力必须基于对这种疾病病因的准确理解。
