Siragy Helmy M
Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health Center, PO Box 801409, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2008 Aug;10(4):261-7. doi: 10.1007/s11906-008-0050-x.
Elevated levels of angiotensin II result in oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction, which initiate atherogenic pathologic processes that are important in cardiovascular disease development. Angiotensin II induces its deleterious effects primarily through the type 1 receptor; these effects are inhibited by angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) directly at the receptor level. Angiotensin II may potentiate protective mechanisms through stimulation of the type 2 receptor, which is not blocked by ARBs. Accumulating data suggest that blockade of angiotensin II production or activity provides vascular and cardioprotective benefits, such as reduction of atrial fibrillation, acute myocardial infarction, and heart failure events. Moreover, blockade of the renin-angiotensin system has been shown to offer renal protection in subjects with and without diabetes mellitus and to reduce the risk of new-onset diabetes.
血管紧张素II水平升高会导致氧化应激和内皮功能障碍，从而引发动脉粥样硬化病理过程，这在心血管疾病发展中至关重要。血管紧张素II主要通过1型受体诱导其有害作用；血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂（ARBs）可在受体水平直接抑制这些作用。血管紧张素II可能通过刺激2型受体增强保护机制，而ARBs不会阻断该受体。越来越多的数据表明，阻断血管紧张素II的产生或活性可提供血管和心脏保护益处，如减少心房颤动、急性心肌梗死和心力衰竭事件。此外，已证明阻断肾素-血管紧张素系统可为患有和未患有糖尿病的受试者提供肾脏保护，并降低新发糖尿病的风险。
