Sánchez-Navarro Juan Pedro, Martínez-Selva José María, Torrente Ginesa, Román Francisco
Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Murcia, Spain.
Span J Psychol. 2008 May;11(1):16-25. doi: 10.1017/s1138741600004078.
Previous research on the components of the emotional response employing factor analytic studies has yielded a two-factor structure (Lang, Greenwald, Bradley, & Hamm, 1993; Cuthbert, Schupp, Bradley, Birbaumer, & Lang, 2000). However, the startle blink reflex, a widely employed measure of the emotional response, has not been considered to date. We decided to include two parameters of the startle reflex (magnitude and latency) in order to explore further how this response fits into the two-factor model of emotion. We recorded the acoustic startle blink response, skin conductance response, heart rate, free viewing time, and picture valence and arousal ratings of 45 subjects while viewing 54 pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS; 18 unpleasant, 18 neutral, and 18 pleasant). Factorizations of all measures gave a two-factor solution (valence and arousal) that accounted for 70% of the variance. Although some measurements, including heart rate change, did not behave as predicted, our results reinforce the two-dimension model of the emotion, and show that startle fits into the model.
以往运用因素分析研究对情绪反应成分的研究得出了一个双因素结构（朗、格林沃尔德、布拉德利和哈姆，1993年；卡斯伯特、舒普、布拉德利、比尔鲍默和朗，2000年）。然而，惊吓眨眼反射作为一种广泛应用的情绪反应测量指标，迄今为止尚未被纳入考量。我们决定纳入惊吓反射的两个参数（幅度和潜伏期），以便进一步探究这种反应如何契合情绪的双因素模型。我们记录了45名受试者在观看国际情感图片系统（IAPS）中的54张图片（18张不愉快的、18张中性的和18张愉快的）时的听觉惊吓眨眼反应、皮肤电传导反应、心率、自由观看时间以及图片效价和唤醒评分。对所有测量指标进行因素分解得到了一个双因素解决方案（效价和唤醒），该方案解释了70%的方差。尽管包括心率变化在内的一些测量结果并未如预期那样表现，但我们的结果强化了情绪的二维模型，并表明惊吓反射符合该模型。
