百日咳的疫苗效力及控制措施
Vaccine efficacy and control measures in pertussis.
作者信息
Palmer S R
机构信息
PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, Welsh Unit, Roath, Cardiff.
出版信息
Arch Dis Child. 1991 Jul;66(7):854-7. doi: 10.1136/adc.66.7.854.
An outbreak of pertussis in primary school-children in the St David's area of Pembrokeshire provided the opportunity to estimate pertussis vaccine efficacy. The estimate of efficacy was 88% when notified cases were used, but this fell to 68% when all children with bouts of coughing for two or more weeks were included. Notified cases were significantly less likely to have been vaccinated than other cases with similar symptoms. Therefore vaccine efficacy estimates based upon notified cases are likely to be biased. However, even the lower estimates suggest that pertussis immunisation is highly desirable and efforts to improve coverage should be increased.
彭布罗克郡圣大卫地区小学儿童中爆发的百日咳疫情为评估百日咳疫苗效力提供了契机。若采用报告病例来评估，疫苗效力估计为88%，但当将所有咳嗽持续两周或更长时间的儿童纳入计算时，这一数字降至68%。与有类似症状的其他病例相比，报告病例接种疫苗的可能性显著更低。因此，基于报告病例得出的疫苗效力估计可能存在偏差。不过，即便较低的估计数字也表明，百日咳免疫接种非常必要，应加大力度提高疫苗接种覆盖率。
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