Ramsay M E, Farrington C P, Miller E
Immunisation Division, PHLS Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London.
Epidemiol Infect. 1993 Aug;111(1):41-8. doi: 10.1017/s095026880005665x.
A national survey was conducted of 3150 notified cases of whooping cough in order to determine age-specific pertussis vaccine efficacy by the 'screening' method. The cases were collected over two periods, one just prior to the start and one at the first peak of the whooping cough epidemic of 1989-90. Vaccination status was determined by a postal questionnaire to the reporting doctor and clinical data were also collected to provide efficacy estimates according to standardized case definitions. Overall, observed vaccine efficacy was high but differed between epidemic (87%) and non-epidemic (93%) periods (P = 0.03). Efficacy estimates were generally higher for typical or severe cases than for children with an atypical illness. Vaccine efficacy declined with age (P < 0.01) but estimates remained high up to the age of 8 years. This study will provide baseline data for comparison with efficacy observed from similar studies of children immunized at an accelerated schedule and from phase III studies of acellular pertussis vaccines performed elsewhere.
为了通过“筛查”方法确定特定年龄的百日咳疫苗效力，对3150例报告的百日咳病例进行了一项全国性调查。这些病例在两个时间段收集，一个在1989 - 1990年百日咳流行开始前，另一个在流行的第一个高峰时。通过向报告医生邮寄调查问卷来确定疫苗接种状况，还收集了临床数据，以根据标准化病例定义提供效力估计值。总体而言，观察到的疫苗效力较高，但在流行期（87%）和非流行期（93%）有所不同（P = 0.03）。典型或重症病例的效力估计值通常高于非典型疾病儿童。疫苗效力随年龄下降（P < 0.01），但在8岁前估计值仍较高。本研究将提供基线数据，以便与在加速免疫程序下免疫儿童的类似研究以及其他地方进行的无细胞百日咳疫苗III期研究中观察到的效力进行比较。
