Ulasi Chijioke I, Preko Peter O, Baidoo Joseph A, Bayard Budry, Ehiri John E, Jolly Curtis M, Jolly Pauline E
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Health Place. 2009 Mar;15(1):255-62. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.05.006. Epub 2008 Jun 5.
To assess HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Kumasi, Ghana.
A cross-sectional survey of 104 adults from the four sub-districts in Kumasi was conducted.
Four stigma constructs, employment-based discrimination, screening and identification of HIV positive people, revelation of HIV status and social contact stigma were determined based on reliability measures from responses to the questionnaire. Regression analysis showed that participants with higher educational attainment were more likely to favor policies denying employment to PLWHA (p<0.05), but disapproved of revealing HIV sero-status (p<0.05). Muslims were more likely than Christians to agree with identifying PLWHA (p<0.05) and more likely to advocate revealing HIV sero-status (p<0.05). Males were more likely to favor revealing HIV status (p<0.05). Employed persons were more likely to have social contact with PLWHA (p<0.05).
These findings are useful in guiding the design of interventions against HIV/AIDS-related stigma in Kumasi.
评估加纳库马西地区感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的人（PLWHA）所遭受的与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关的耻辱感和歧视。
对库马西四个分区的104名成年人进行了横断面调查。
根据对问卷回复的可靠性测量，确定了四种耻辱感结构，即基于就业的歧视、艾滋病毒阳性者的筛查与识别、艾滋病毒感染状况的披露以及社会接触耻辱感。回归分析表明，受教育程度较高的参与者更倾向于支持拒绝艾滋病毒感染者就业的政策（p<0.05），但不赞成披露艾滋病毒血清学状态（p<0.05）。与基督教徒相比，穆斯林更有可能同意识别艾滋病毒感染者（p<0.05），也更倾向于主张披露艾滋病毒血清学状态（p<0.05）。男性更倾向于支持披露艾滋病毒感染状况（p<0.05）。就业人员更有可能与艾滋病毒感染者有社会接触（p<0.05）。
这些研究结果有助于指导库马西地区针对与艾滋病毒/艾滋病相关耻辱感的干预措施设计。
