Monteleone George T, Phan K Luan, Nusbaum Howard C, Fitzgerald Daniel, Irick John-Stockton, Fienberg Stephen E, Cacioppo John T
Center for Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Soc Neurosci. 2009;4(6):528-38. doi: 10.1080/17470910801903530.
Functional brain imaging has been considered a new and better technique for the detection of deception. The reasoning is that there is a neural locus or circuit for lying that is sensitive, specific, generalizable across individuals and measurement contexts, and robust to countermeasures. To determine the extent to which the group results predicted lying at the level of the individual, we reanalyzed data on 14 participants from a study that had previously identified regions involved in lying (thus satisfying the criterion for sensitivity). We assessed the efficacy of functionally determined brain regions based on the lie-truth contrast for N-1 participants to detect deception in the Nth individual. Results showed that no region could be used to correctly detect deception across all individuals. The best results were obtained for medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), correctly identifying 71% of participants as lying with no false alarms. Lowering the threshold for a response increased hits and false alarms. The results suggest that although brain imaging is a more direct index of cognition than the traditional polygraph, it is subject to many of the same caveats and thus neuroimaging does not appear to reveal processes that are necessarily unique to deception.
功能性脑成像被认为是一种用于检测欺骗行为的更新且更好的技术。其依据是，存在一个用于说谎的神经位点或神经回路，它具有敏感性、特异性，可在个体和测量环境中普遍适用，并且对对抗措施具有鲁棒性。为了确定群体结果在个体层面上预测说谎行为的程度，我们重新分析了一项研究中14名参与者的数据，该研究先前已确定了与说谎有关的区域（从而满足敏感性标准）。我们基于N - 1名参与者的谎言 - 真话对比来评估功能确定的脑区检测第N个人欺骗行为的效能。结果表明，没有一个区域可用于正确检测所有个体的欺骗行为。内侧前额叶皮质（mPFC）取得了最佳结果，正确识别出71%的参与者在说谎且无错误警报。降低反应阈值会增加命中次数和错误警报。结果表明，尽管脑成像比传统测谎仪是更直接的认知指标，但它也存在许多相同的注意事项，因此神经成像似乎并未揭示出欺骗行为所特有的必然过程。
