Choi Yun Sun, Potter Hollis G, Chun Tong Jin
Department of Radiology, Eulji Hospital, Eulji University School of Medicine, 280-1 Hagye 1-dong, Nowon-gu, Seoul 139-711, South Korea.
Radiographics. 2008 Jul-Aug;28(4):1043-59. doi: 10.1148/rg.284075111.
Because of the relative avascularity of articular cartilage, lesions that are caused by trauma or degeneration of the cartilage do not heal spontaneously and must be repaired surgically. The interventional procedures that have been developed for the repair of such lesions include abrasion, microfracture, autologous osteochondral transplantation, allograft transplantation, and autologous chondrocyte implantation. An accurate imaging assessment of the repair tissue is necessary in order to objectively evaluate the postoperative outcome. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and arthroscopy provide complementary information and are especially useful for follow-up evaluation of cartilage repair in the knee and ankle. Standard MR imaging techniques may be used postoperatively to evaluate the success of implantation and the state of cartilage healing. Newer matrix assessment techniques, which include delayed gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging and mapping of T1rho and T2 values, may provide useful supplemental information about the histologic and biochemical contents of reparative tissue. The normal postoperative appearance of the joints after cartilage repair varies according to the surgical technique used and the stage of healing. To identify potential complications, it is important to be familiar with the various repair procedures and the characteristic MR imaging features of the repair tissue at various postoperative intervals.
由于关节软骨相对缺乏血管，由创伤或软骨退变引起的损伤不会自发愈合，必须通过手术修复。已开发出的用于修复此类损伤的介入手术包括磨削术、微骨折术、自体骨软骨移植术、同种异体移植术和自体软骨细胞植入术。为了客观评估术后结果，对修复组织进行准确的影像学评估是必要的。磁共振（MR）成像和关节镜检查可提供互补信息，对膝关节和踝关节软骨修复的随访评估尤为有用。术后可使用标准MR成像技术评估植入的成功率和软骨愈合状态。较新的基质评估技术，包括延迟钆增强MR成像以及T1rho和T2值映射，可能会提供有关修复组织的组织学和生化成分的有用补充信息。软骨修复后关节的正常术后表现因所采用的手术技术和愈合阶段而异。为了识别潜在并发症，熟悉各种修复手术以及不同术后时间段修复组织的特征性MR成像表现非常重要。
