Frank S, Esterhuizen T, Jinabhai C C, Sullivan K, Taylor M
Social Work Department, Wentworth Hospital, Durban.
S Afr Med J. 2008 May;98(5):394-8.
To identify risky sexual behaviours and demographic factors that place high-school pupils at risk of HIV and AIDS.
A cross-sectional study was undertaken to explore factors influencing the sexual behaviour of high-school pupils (mean age 15.4 years; SD 1.11). Structured self-reported questionnaires were completed by all grade 10 pupils (N = 805) at all the Wentworth, Durban, public high schools.
Significant gender differences in sexual practices were reported, such as males being more likely to engage in sexual activity than females (OR 4.92; p < 0.001). More males (24.8%) initiated sex before age 12, compared with more females (30%) who initiated sex between 16 to 20 years of age (p < 0.001). Significantly more males preferred older partners than females (p = 0.002), more females were forced to have sex than males (p = 0.009), and more males used alcohol on the last occasion of sex than females (p = 0.04). Religious affiliation and parental supervision were found to have a significant effect on sexual activity among pupils.
High-school pupils are at high risk of HIV and AIDS, yet they continue to engage in risky sexual behaviours. Preventive efforts therefore need to be aggressively up-scaled and redirected towards specific risky practices, taking gender differences into account. Contextual factors such as religious norms and parental supervision also require greater attention. Risky sexual behaviours are reflective of a broader crisis in society.
确定使高中生面临感染艾滋病毒和艾滋病风险的危险性行为及人口统计学因素。
开展了一项横断面研究，以探讨影响高中生（平均年龄15.4岁；标准差1.11）性行为的因素。德班温特沃斯所有公立高中的十年级学生（N = 805）均完成了结构化的自我报告问卷。
报告显示性行为存在显著性别差异，例如男性比女性更有可能进行性活动（比值比4.92；p < 0.001）。更多男性（24.8%）在12岁之前开始性行为，相比之下，更多女性（30%）在16至20岁之间开始性行为（p < 0.001）。明显更多男性比女性更喜欢年长的性伴侣（p = 0.002），被迫进行性行为的女性比男性更多（p = 0.009），在最后一次性行为中饮酒的男性比女性更多（p = 0.04）。研究发现宗教信仰和父母监督对学生的性活动有显著影响。
高中生面临着感染艾滋病毒和艾滋病的高风险，但他们仍继续从事危险的性行为。因此，预防工作需要大力加强，并针对特定的危险行为进行调整，同时考虑到性别差异。宗教规范和父母监督等背景因素也需要更多关注。危险的性行为反映了更广泛的社会危机。
