Charlton Cody R, Dearing Karen S, Berry Judith A, Johnson Mary Jayne
Department of Corrections, State of Utah, Draper, Utah, USA.
J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2008 Jul;20(7):382-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2008.00336.x.
The purpose of this review was to examine the published research from 1999 to 2005 describing nurse practitioner (NP)-patient interactions and to determine the best practice to enhance patient outcomes.
Databases searched included Academic Search Elite, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Health Source Consumer Edition, Health Source Nursing/Academic Edition, Medline, and PsychInfo.
Two communication styles described in the literature and determined by authors were (a) biomedical and (b) biopsychosocial. The biopsychosocial style is identified as patient-centered communication. Seven studies were then analyzed for NPs' communication styles and the impact that they had on patient outcomes. The studies analyzed demonstrated that biopsychosocial (patient-centered) communication style positively influences patient outcomes as evidenced by (a) improved patient satisfaction, (b) increased adherence to treatment plans, and (c) improved patient health.
The results of this review indicate that patient-centered communication incorporated into the NPs' practice is associated with improving patient outcomes such as (a) improved patient satisfaction, (b) increased adherence to treatment plans, and (c) improved patient health. Future research needs to be performed in order to fully study the relationship between NPs using patient-centered communication style and its impact on patient outcomes. Clinical recommendations are made based on findings of the integrated literature review.
本综述的目的是审视1999年至2005年期间发表的描述执业护士与患者互动的研究，并确定能改善患者治疗效果的最佳实践方法。
检索的数据库包括《学术搜索精英版》、《护理及相关健康文献累积索引》（CINAHL）、《健康源消费者版》、《健康源护理/学术版》、《医学索引》和《心理学文摘》。
文献中描述并由作者确定的两种沟通方式为：（a）生物医学式和（b）生物心理社会式。生物心理社会式沟通方式被认定为以患者为中心的沟通。随后分析了七项关于执业护士沟通方式及其对患者治疗效果影响的研究。分析的研究表明，生物心理社会式（以患者为中心）沟通方式对患者治疗效果有积极影响，表现为：（a）患者满意度提高；（b）对治疗方案的依从性增加；（c）患者健康状况改善。
本综述结果表明，将以患者为中心的沟通融入执业护士的实践中，与改善患者治疗效果相关，如：（a）患者满意度提高；（b）对治疗方案的依从性增加；（c）患者健康状况改善。为全面研究采用以患者为中心沟通方式的执业护士与患者治疗效果之间的关系，未来需要开展研究。基于综合文献综述的结果给出了临床建议。
