Klimek L, Böttcher I
Zentrum für Rhinologie und Allergologie, Wiesbaden.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2008 Jul;133 Suppl 3:S88-94. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1067327.
Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common illnesses of mankind. It is important to be aware that it is an immunological disease associated with extensive changes in the mucosa of the respiratory tract. The cardinal symptoms are nasal obstruction and/or discharge, as well as itching and sneezing urge. The mechanisms involved are complex and include activation and migration of inflammatory cells, vascular dilatation, increase and changes of glandular activity, activation of nerve endings, onset of a neurogenic inflammation and morphologically demonstrable alterations in the mucosa. All this makes it clear that allergic rhinitis is a disease that has to be taken seriously and treated thoroughly, rather than be treated lightly, as has been the case--perhaps because it is so frequent.
变应性鼻炎是人类最常见的疾病之一。必须认识到它是一种与呼吸道黏膜广泛变化相关的免疫性疾病。主要症状是鼻塞和/或流涕,以及瘙痒和打喷嚏的冲动。所涉及的机制很复杂,包括炎症细胞的激活和迁移、血管扩张、腺体活动的增加和变化、神经末梢的激活、神经源性炎症的发生以及黏膜形态学上可证实的改变。所有这些都清楚地表明,变应性鼻炎是一种必须认真对待并彻底治疗的疾病,而不应像过去那样——也许是因为它很常见——被轻视治疗。