Calame W, Mattie H
Dept of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Eur Respir J. 1991 Mar;4(3):340-6.
Mice made monocytopenic and granulocytopenic by cyclophosphamide or monocytopenic by etoposide were infected by exposure to an aerosol containing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eighteen hours later ceftriaxone was administered and three hours after that the experiment was ended. At the time of infection and at 18 and 21 h the numbers of alveolar macrophages and granulocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were significantly lower in the cyclophosphamide-pretreated animals than in the controls. Furthermore, outgrowth of K. pneumoniae in the lungs was significantly stronger in cyclophosphamide-pretreated mice and a fourfold higher dose of ceftriaxone was needed to obtain the same antibacterial effect as in the controls. In the etoposide-pretreated mice the number of alveolar macrophages in BAL was not significantly lower than that in the controls, but the number of granulocytes was. Compared with the controls, there was no significant difference in the number of K. pneumoniae in the lungs, and the efficacy of ceftriaxone did not differ either.
通过环磷酰胺使小鼠单核细胞减少和粒细胞减少，或通过依托泊苷使小鼠单核细胞减少，然后让小鼠暴露于含有肺炎克雷伯菌的气溶胶中进行感染。18小时后给予头孢曲松，再过3小时实验结束。在感染时以及感染后18小时和21小时，环磷酰胺预处理组动物支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）液中的肺泡巨噬细胞和粒细胞数量显著低于对照组。此外，环磷酰胺预处理的小鼠肺部肺炎克雷伯菌的生长明显更强，需要四倍于对照组的头孢曲松剂量才能获得相同的抗菌效果。在依托泊苷预处理的小鼠中，BAL中的肺泡巨噬细胞数量与对照组相比无显著降低，但粒细胞数量减少。与对照组相比，肺部肺炎克雷伯菌的数量无显著差异，头孢曲松的疗效也无差异。
