Konopka Agnieszka E, Bock Kathryn
Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Cogn Psychol. 2009 Feb;58(1):68-101. doi: 10.1016/j.cogpsych.2008.05.002. Epub 2008 Jul 21.
To compare abstract structural and lexicalist accounts of syntactic processes in sentence formulation, we examined the effectiveness of nonidiomatic and idiomatic phrasal verbs in inducing structural generalizations. Three experiments made use of a syntactic priming paradigm in which participants recalled sentences they had read in rapid serial visual presentation. Prime and target sentences contained phrasal verbs with particles directly following the verb (pull off a sweatshirt) or following the direct object (pull a sweatshirt off). Idiomatic primes used verbs whose figurative meaning cannot be straightforwardly derived from the literal meaning of the main verb (e.g., pull off a robbery) and are commonly treated as stored lexical units. Particle placement in sentences was primed by both nonidiomatic and idiomatic verbs. Experiment 1 showed that the syntax of idiomatic and nonidiomatic phrasal verbs is amenable to priming, and Experiments 2 and 3 compared the priming patterns created by idiomatic and nonidiomatic primes. Despite differences in idiomaticity and structural flexibility, both types of phrasal verbs induced structural generalizations and differed little in their ability to do so. The findings are interpreted in terms of the role of abstract structural processes in language production.
为了比较句子构建中句法过程的抽象结构和词汇主义解释，我们研究了非习语性和习语性短语动词在引发结构泛化方面的有效性。三项实验采用了句法启动范式，参与者回忆他们在快速序列视觉呈现中读过的句子。启动句和目标句包含的短语动词，其小品词要么直接跟在动词之后（pull off a sweatshirt），要么跟在直接宾语之后（pull a sweatshirt off）。习语性启动句使用的动词，其比喻意义不能直接从主要动词的字面意义推导出来（例如，pull off a robbery），并且通常被视为存储的词汇单元。句子中小品词的位置受到非习语性和习语性动词的启动。实验1表明，习语性和非习语性短语动词的句法都易于启动，实验2和实验3比较了习语性和非习语性启动句所产生的启动模式。尽管在习语性和结构灵活性方面存在差异，但这两种类型的短语动词都引发了结构泛化，并且在这方面的能力差异不大。这些发现根据抽象结构过程在语言产生中的作用进行了解释。
