Caligiuri Michael A
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital & Solove Research Institute, 300 West 10th St, Rm 517, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Blood. 2008 Aug 1;112(3):461-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-09-077438.
Natural killer (NK) cells were discovered more than 30 years ago. NK cells are large granular lymphocytes that belong to the innate immune system because unlike T or B lymphocytes of the adaptive or antigen-specific immune system, NK cells do not rearrange T-cell receptor or immunoglobulin genes from their germline configuration. During the past 2 decades there has been a substantial gain in our understanding of what and how NK-cells "see," lending important insights into their functions and purpose in normal immune surveillance. The most recent discoveries in NK-cell receptor biology have fueled translational research that has led to remarkable results in treating human malignancy.
自然杀伤（NK）细胞在30多年前就被发现了。NK细胞是大颗粒淋巴细胞，属于先天免疫系统，因为与适应性或抗原特异性免疫系统的T或B淋巴细胞不同，NK细胞不会从其种系构型重排T细胞受体或免疫球蛋白基因。在过去20年里，我们对NK细胞“识别什么”以及“如何识别”有了大幅深入的了解，这为我们洞察它们在正常免疫监视中的功能和作用提供了重要依据。NK细胞受体生物学的最新发现推动了转化研究，该研究在治疗人类恶性肿瘤方面取得了显著成果。
