Rasmussen N, Johnsen N J, Bohr V A
University Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Laryngoscope. 1991 Aug;101(8):876-82. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199108000-00012.
As part of a comprehensive study on sequelae after pneumococcal meningitis, 94 of 111 consecutive survivors were re-examined 4 to 16 years after discharge. Twenty-three patients had otological sequelae after pneumococcal meningitis. In these patients, 17 had hearing losses, 7 had tinnitus, 9 had vertigo, 13 had vestibular areflexia, 4 had loss of smell, and 3 had loss of taste. Among the patients with hearing loss, 4 were bilaterally deaf, 6 were unilaterally deaf, and 2 had mild and 5 had slight hearing losses. From correlations with extensive data from the medical records, preadmission antibiotic treatment appeared to protect from acousticovestibular damage. Purulent otitis media and otosurgical intervention did not correlate to the fatality rate or the development of sequelae. Acute purulent otitis media appeared as a concomitant manifestation, rather than the focus of pneumococcal meningitis.
作为一项关于肺炎球菌性脑膜炎后遗症的综合研究的一部分，111名连续存活的患者中有94名在出院后4至16年接受了复查。23名患者在肺炎球菌性脑膜炎后出现了耳科后遗症。在这些患者中，17名有听力损失，7名有耳鸣，9名有眩晕，13名有前庭反射消失，4名有嗅觉丧失，3名有味觉丧失。在听力损失的患者中，4名双耳失聪，6名单侧失聪，2名有轻度听力损失，5名有轻微听力损失。通过与病历中的大量数据进行相关性分析，入院前的抗生素治疗似乎可以预防听觉前庭损伤。化脓性中耳炎和耳外科手术干预与死亡率或后遗症的发生无关。急性化脓性中耳炎表现为一种伴随症状，而非肺炎球菌性脑膜炎的病灶。
