More G, Tshikalange T E, Lall N, Botha F, Meyer J J M
Department of Plant Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Oct 28;119(3):473-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.001. Epub 2008 Jul 10.
Ethanol extracts of eight plant species used traditionally in South Africa for the treatment of oral diseases were investigated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against oral pathogens namely Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces israelii, Candida albicans, Porphyromonus gingivalis, Privotella intermedia and Streptococcus mutans using the disk diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of ethanol extracts were determined against these microorganisms using micro dilution. The cytotoxicity and therapeutic index (TI) of selected active extracts were also determined. Out of eight plants, six (Annona senegalensis, Englerophytum magalismontanum, Dicerocarym senecioides, Euclea divinorum, Euclea natalensis, Solanum panduriforme and Parinari curatellifolia) exhibited MIC values ranging from 25.0 mg/ml to 0.8 mg/ml. Gram negative bacteria were found to be more resistant to the plant extracts than Gram positive bacteria, except for Euclea natalensis which inhibited all three Gram negative bacteria tested in this study. All plant extracts showed moderate cytotoxicity on the Vero cell line. The fifty percent inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of all plants tested range from 92.3 to 285.1 microg/ml.
采用纸片扩散法，对南非传统上用于治疗口腔疾病的8种植物的乙醇提取物针对口腔病原体，即伴放线放线杆菌、内氏放线菌、衣氏放线菌、白色念珠菌、牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌和变形链球菌的体外抗菌活性进行了研究。使用微量稀释法测定了乙醇提取物对这些微生物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和最低杀菌浓度（MBC）。还测定了所选活性提取物的细胞毒性和治疗指数（TI）。在这8种植物中，6种（塞内加尔番荔枝、马加利斯山恩格勒木、千里光状双角果、神圣卫矛、纳塔尔卫矛、梨形茄和帕里纳里柯拉泰叶）的MIC值范围为25.0毫克/毫升至0.8毫克/毫升。除了纳塔尔卫矛抑制了本研究中测试的所有3种革兰氏阴性菌外，革兰氏阴性菌比革兰氏阳性菌对植物提取物更具抗性。所有植物提取物对Vero细胞系均表现出中度细胞毒性。所有测试植物的半数抑制浓度（IC50）范围为92.3至285.1微克/毫升。
