Russell Stephen J, Peng Kah Whye
Mayo Clinic, Department of Molecular Medicine, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Curr Opin Mol Ther. 2008 Aug;10(4):380-6.
Oncolytic viruses are emerging as promising anticancer agents, but efficient delivery and dispersal at sites of tumor growth remain a significant challenge. Viruses can be efficiently neutralized by antiviral antibodies in the blood stream or sequestered by phagocytic cells in the liver and spleen, and they often fail to extravasate and migrate in tumor deposits or in the tissues to which tumors metastasize. As an alternative to the administration of naked viruses, virus-infected carrier cells are currently under investigation as vehicles to deliver oncolytic viruses more reliably, uniformly and efficiently to sites of tumor growth in the body, even in virus-immune individuals. Aside from their virus chaperoning capabilities, certain carrier cell types may exert additional antitumor activities that operate in synergy with the oncolytic virus infection to mediate tumor regression.
溶瘤病毒正成为有前景的抗癌药物，但在肿瘤生长部位实现高效递送和扩散仍是一项重大挑战。病毒可在血流中被抗病毒抗体有效中和，或被肝脏和脾脏中的吞噬细胞截留，而且它们常常无法渗出并迁移至肿瘤沉积物或肿瘤转移所至的组织中。作为裸病毒给药的替代方法，目前正在研究病毒感染的载体细胞，作为将溶瘤病毒更可靠、均匀且高效地递送至体内肿瘤生长部位的载体，即使是对病毒免疫的个体也适用。除了其病毒伴侣功能外，某些类型的载体细胞可能还具有额外的抗肿瘤活性，这些活性与溶瘤病毒感染协同作用，介导肿瘤消退。
