Glick S D, Rossman K, Steindorf S, Maisonneuve I M, Carlson J N
Department of Pharmacology and Taxicology (A-136), Albany Medical College, NY 12208.
Eur J Pharmacol. 1991 Apr 3;195(3):341-5. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90474-5.
Ibogaine, a naturally occurring alkaloid, has been claimed to be effective in treating addition to opiate and stimulant drugs. As a preclinical test of this claim, the present study sought to determine if ibogaine would reduce the intravenous self-administration of morphine in rats. Ibogaine dose dependently (2.5-80 mg/kg) decreased morphine intake in the hour after ibogaine treatment (acute effect) and, to a lesser extent, a day later (aftereffect); while the acute effect could be attributed to abnormal motor behavior (whole body tremors), the aftereffect occurred at a time when ibogaine should have been entirely eliminated from the body and when there was no obvious indication of ibogaine exposure. In some rats, there was a persistent decrease in morphine intake for several days or weeks after a single injection of ibogaine; other rats began to show such persistent changes only after two or three weekly injections whereas a few rats were apparently resistant to prolonged aftereffects. Aftereffects could not be attributed to a conditioned aversion. Although ibogaine also depressed responding acutely in rats trained to bar-press for water, there was no evidence of any aftereffect a day or more later; the interaction between ibogaine and morphine reinforcement was therefore somewhat specific. Further studies are needed to characterize the nature of the ibogaine-morphine interaction as well as to determine if ibogaine also affects the self-administration of other drugs.
伊波加因是一种天然存在的生物碱，据称对治疗阿片类药物和兴奋剂成瘾有效。作为对这一说法的临床前测试，本研究旨在确定伊波加因是否会减少大鼠静脉注射吗啡的自我给药行为。伊波加因（2.5 - 80毫克/千克）剂量依赖性地降低了伊波加因治疗后一小时内（急性效应）的吗啡摄入量，在较小程度上也降低了一天后的摄入量（后效应）；虽然急性效应可能归因于异常的运动行为（全身震颤），但后效应发生在伊波加因应该已从体内完全消除且没有明显伊波加因暴露迹象的时候。在一些大鼠中，单次注射伊波加因后，吗啡摄入量持续减少数天或数周；其他大鼠仅在每周注射两三次后才开始出现这种持续变化，而少数大鼠显然对延长的后效应有抗性。后效应不能归因于条件性厌恶。虽然伊波加因也会急性抑制训练为按压杠杆获取水的大鼠的反应，但一天或更长时间后没有任何后效应的证据；因此，伊波加因与吗啡强化之间的相互作用在某种程度上是特异性的。需要进一步研究来表征伊波加因 - 吗啡相互作用的性质，以及确定伊波加因是否也会影响其他药物的自我给药行为。
