Ekoé J M, Laberge-Nadeau C, Ghadirian P, Hamet P
Unité de Recherche en Epidémiologie Hôtel-Dieu de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Diabete Metab. 1991 Jan-Feb;17(1):61-8.
Driving ability is controlled by specific regulations. Therefore disabled individuals or those with certain chronic diseases may be affected by these regulations. These latter are based on assumption that the existence and the nature of certain diseases may cause particular hazard; and this could be prevented by introducing certain driving regulations. This hypothesis has not been tested properly, considering the proposed and suspected risk factors. Diabetes mellitus is a good example of the interested medical condition in this field. Review of the literature do not provide adequate information to allow us to conclude whether the insulin treated diabetic person is at higher risk to develop traffic accident, compared with non diabetic individual; and there is no definite explanation whether hypoglycaemia play a causative role in the etiology of traffic accident among insulin treated diabetics. Perhaps the lack of knowledge in this field is due to use of non-standardized methodologies and small sample size studies which make the comparisons difficult. The existing regulations in different countries are based on empirical knowledge and common sense. This often leads to conflictual situations and apparently discriminatory decisions regarding diabetics. Further comparative and prospective studies are needed.
驾驶能力受特定法规的管控。因此，残障人士或患有某些慢性疾病的人可能会受到这些法规的影响。这些法规基于这样一种假设，即某些疾病的存在及其性质可能会造成特定危害；而通过引入某些驾驶法规可以预防这种危害。考虑到已提出的和疑似的风险因素，这一假设尚未得到充分验证。糖尿病就是该领域中受关注的一种医学状况的典型例子。文献综述并未提供足够的信息，使我们能够得出接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者与非糖尿病个体相比是否发生交通事故的风险更高的结论；而且对于低血糖在接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者交通事故病因中是否起因果作用，也没有明确的解释。该领域知识的匮乏或许是由于使用了非标准化方法以及样本量较小的研究，这使得比较变得困难。不同国家现行的法规基于经验知识和常识。这常常导致关于糖尿病患者的冲突情况以及明显具有歧视性的决定。还需要进一步的比较研究和前瞻性研究。
