Singh Surender, Nair Vinod, Jain Sweety, Gupta Y K
Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India.
Indian J Exp Biol. 2008 Jun;46(6):453-6.
Two groups of fatty acids are essential to the body, the omega6 (n6) series derived from linoleic acid (18:2, n-6) and the omega3 (n3) series derived from alpha-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3). Fatty acids provide energy, are an integral part of the cell membranes and are precursors of prostaglandins, thromboxanes and leukotrienes collectively known as eicosanoids. Eicosanoids participate in development and synthesis of immunological and inflammatory responses. The fixed oils (1, 2, 3 ml/kg) containing alpha-linolenic acid, obtained from the seeds of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum), Soyabean (Glycine max) and Holy basil (Ocimum sanctum) were screened for their antiinflammatory activity using carrageenan, leukotriene and arachidonic acid induced paw edema models in rats and the antiinflammatory effects were compared with the standard drug indomethacin. Significant inhibition of paw edema was produced by all the oils in the highest dose (3 ml/kg) in all the models. While O. sanctum oil produced the maximum percentage inhibition in leukotriene induced paw edema, L. usitatissimum oil produced maximum percentage inhibition in carrageenan and arachidonic acid induced paw edema models. The results show that oils with higher alpha-linolenic acid content (L. usitatissimum and O. sanctum) produced a greater inhibition of paw edema suggesting that modulation of the course of inflammatory disorders may be achieved by altering the eicosanoid precursor (i.e. poly unsaturated fatty acids: PUFA) availability through dietary manipulation.
有两类脂肪酸对人体至关重要，即源自亚油酸（18:2，n - 6）的ω6（n6）系列脂肪酸和源自α - 亚麻酸（18:3，n - 3）的ω3（n3）系列脂肪酸。脂肪酸提供能量，是细胞膜的组成部分，并且是前列腺素、血栓素和白三烯（统称为类二十烷酸）的前体。类二十烷酸参与免疫和炎症反应的发生与合成。使用角叉菜胶、白三烯和花生四烯酸诱导大鼠足爪水肿模型，对从亚麻籽（亚麻）、大豆（大豆）和圣罗勒（神圣罗勒）种子中获得的含α - 亚麻酸的固定油（1、2、3毫升/千克）进行抗炎活性筛选，并将其抗炎效果与标准药物吲哚美辛进行比较。在所有模型中，所有油剂在最高剂量（3毫升/千克）时均能显著抑制足爪水肿。虽然圣罗勒油在白三烯诱导的足爪水肿中产生的抑制百分比最高，但亚麻籽油在角叉菜胶和花生四烯酸诱导的足爪水肿模型中产生的抑制百分比最高。结果表明，α - 亚麻酸含量较高的油（亚麻籽和圣罗勒）对足爪水肿的抑制作用更大，这表明通过饮食调控改变类二十烷酸前体（即多不饱和脂肪酸：PUFA）的可用性，可能实现对炎症性疾病进程的调节。
