Braaten Kari P, Laufer Marc R
Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2008 Winter;1(1):2-10.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States, and persistent HPV infection is strongly associated with risk of cervical cancer and genital warts. The recently approved quadrivalent HPV vaccine targets the HPV strains responsible for approximately 70% of cervical cancers and 90% of genital warts. It is also effective in reducing the incidence of HPV-related conditions, especially when given prior to exposure to HPV. The vaccine is recommended for all girls aged 11 to 12 with catch-up vaccination for women up to age 26, and most insurance plans cover the vaccine. A second bivalent HPV vaccine is currently pending approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). HPV vaccination reduces the incidence of HPV-related cancers and precancerous lesions in the United States and abroad, though decisions regarding implementation of vaccination remain.
人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）是美国最常见的性传播感染，持续的HPV感染与宫颈癌和尖锐湿疣风险密切相关。最近获批的四价HPV疫苗针对导致约70%宫颈癌和90%尖锐湿疣的HPV毒株。它在降低HPV相关疾病发病率方面也很有效，尤其是在接触HPV之前接种时。该疫苗推荐给所有11至12岁的女孩，26岁及以下的女性可补种，大多数保险计划都涵盖该疫苗。第二种二价HPV疫苗目前正等待美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准。HPV疫苗接种降低了美国国内外HPV相关癌症和癌前病变的发病率，不过关于疫苗接种实施的决策仍有待做出。
