Alvarenga Tathiana A, Patti Camilla L, Andersen Monica L, Silva Regina H, Calzavara Mariana B, Lopez Giorgia B, Frussa-Filho Roberto, Tufik Sergio
Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Napoleão de Barros, 925, Vila Clementino, SP 04021-002, São Paulo, Brazil.
Neurobiol Learn Mem. 2008 Nov;90(4):624-32. doi: 10.1016/j.nlm.2008.07.013. Epub 2008 Aug 30.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) for 96 h on the learning/memory processes in rats submitted to the plus-maze discriminative avoidance task (PM-DAT), which simultaneously evaluates learning, memory, anxiety and motor function. Four experiments were performed in which rats were submitted to: (1) post-training and pre-test PSD; (2) post-training or pre-test PSD; (3) pre-training PSD or pre-training paradoxical sleep (PS) rebound (24 h) and (4) pre-test PSD rebound. Concerning Experiment I, post-training and pre-test PSD induced memory deficits, an anxiolytic-like behavior and an increase in locomotor activity. In Experiment II, both post-training PS-deprived and pre-test PS-deprived groups showed memory deficits per se. However, only the pre-test PS-deprived animals presented anxiolytic-like behavior and increased locomotor activity. In Experiment III, pre-training PS-deprived rats showed learning and memory deficits, anxiolytic-like behavior and increased locomotor activity. A 24h-sleep recovery period after the PSD abolished the learning and memory deficits but not anxiety and locomotor alterations. Finally, sleep rebound did not modify acquisition (Experiment III) and retrieval (Experiment IV). This study strengthened the critical role of paradoxical sleep (but not sleep rebound) in all the phases of learning and memory formation. In addition, it suggests that PSD effects on acquisition and consolidation do not seem to be related to other behavioral alterations induced by this procedure.
本研究的目的是调查96小时的异相睡眠剥夺（PSD）对接受十字迷宫辨别性回避任务（PM-DAT）的大鼠学习/记忆过程的影响，该任务同时评估学习、记忆、焦虑和运动功能。进行了四项实验，其中大鼠接受：（1）训练后和测试前的PSD；（2）训练后或测试前的PSD；（3）训练前的PSD或训练前的异相睡眠（PS）反弹（24小时）以及（4）测试前的PSD反弹。关于实验I，训练后和测试前的PSD导致记忆缺陷、抗焦虑样行为以及运动活动增加。在实验II中，训练后PS剥夺组和测试前PS剥夺组本身均表现出记忆缺陷。然而，只有测试前PS剥夺的动物表现出抗焦虑样行为和运动活动增加。在实验III中，训练前PS剥夺的大鼠表现出学习和记忆缺陷、抗焦虑样行为以及运动活动增加。PSD后的24小时睡眠恢复期消除了学习和记忆缺陷，但没有消除焦虑和运动改变。最后，睡眠反弹并未改变习得（实验III）和检索（实验IV）。本研究强化了异相睡眠（而非睡眠反弹）在学习和记忆形成的所有阶段中的关键作用。此外，这表明PSD对习得和巩固的影响似乎与该过程引起的其他行为改变无关。
