Pavlica Zlatko, Petelin Milan, Juntes Polona, Erzen Damjan, Crossley David A, Skaleric Uros
Veterinary Faculty, Clinic for Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Vet Dent. 2008 Jun;25(2):97-105. doi: 10.1177/089875640802500210.
Bacterial plaque associated periodontal disease is the most common chronic infection in man and dogs. In man, there is an association between periodontal disease and myocardial infarction and stroke, while in dogs it has also been associated with changes in internal organs. Inflamed periodontal tissues present a 'periodontal disease burden' to the host and the extent of this inflammatory disease burden is likely to affect the degree of associated pathological change in distant organs. This hypothesis was investigated in dogs with naturally occurring periodontal disease. Post-mortem investigations including periodontal assessment, standard necropsy, and organ histology were performed on 44 mature toy and miniature Poodles (related, periodontitis predisposed breeds) that died naturally or were euthanized based on clinical disease. Animals with gross primary organ pathology were excluded. The periodontal disease burden was estimated from the total surface area of periodontal pocket epithelium using six measurements of probing depth for each tooth and the tooth circumferences. Ordinal logistic regression (OR) analysis established that for each square centimeter of periodontal disease burden there was a 1.4-times higher likelihood of greater changes being present in the left atrio-ventricular valves (OR = 1.43), plus 1.2 and 1.4 times higher likelihoodfor greater liver and kidney pathology (OR = 1.21; OR = 1.42), respectively The results show that there is a link between the estimated 'periodontal disease burden' resulting from plaque-bacteria associated periodontal disease and the level of internal pathology in this population, implying that periodontitis might contribute to the development of systemic pathology in dogs.
细菌菌斑相关性牙周病是人和犬类中最常见的慢性感染性疾病。在人类中，牙周病与心肌梗死和中风有关，而在犬类中，它也与内脏器官的变化有关。发炎的牙周组织给宿主带来了“牙周病负担”，这种炎症性疾病负担的程度可能会影响远处器官相关病理变化的程度。本研究在患有自然发生的牙周病的犬类中对这一假设进行了调查。对44只成熟的玩具贵宾犬和迷你贵宾犬（具有亲缘关系、易患牙周炎的品种）进行了包括牙周评估、标准尸检和器官组织学检查在内的死后调查，这些犬自然死亡或因临床疾病而被安乐死。排除有明显原发性器官病理改变的动物。通过对每颗牙齿的六个探诊深度测量值和牙齿周长来估算牙周袋上皮的总表面积，从而评估牙周病负担。有序逻辑回归（OR）分析表明，每平方厘米的牙周病负担，左房室瓣出现更大变化的可能性高1.4倍（OR = 1.43），肝脏和肾脏出现更大病理改变的可能性分别高1.2倍和1.4倍（OR = 1.21；OR = 1.42）。结果表明，由菌斑细菌相关性牙周病导致的估计“牙周病负担”与该群体的内部病理水平之间存在联系，这意味着牙周炎可能会促使犬类全身性病理的发展。
