Horwood Jeremy, Salvi Giovanni, Thomas Kate, Duffy Larisa, Gunnell David, Hollis Chris, Lewis Glyn, Menezes Paulo, Thompson Andrew, Wolke Dieter, Zammit Stanley, Harrison Glynn
Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, UK.
Br J Psychiatry. 2008 Sep;193(3):185-91. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.051904.
Non-clinical psychotic symptoms appear common in children, but it is possible that a proportion of reported symptoms result from misinterpretation. There is a well-established association between pre-morbid low IQ score and schizophrenia. Psychosis-like symptoms in children may also be a risk factor for psychotic disorder but their relationship with IQ is unclear.
To investigate the prevalence, nature and frequency of psychosis-like symptoms in 12-year-old children and study their relationship with IQ.
Longitudinal study using the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort. A total of 6455 children completed screening questions for 12 psychotic symptoms followed by a semi-structured clinical assessment. IQ was assessed at 8 years of age using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (3rd UK edition).
The 6-month period prevalence for one or more symptoms was 13.7% (95% CI 12.8-14.5). After adjustment for confounding variables, there was a non-linear association between IQ score and psychosis-like symptoms, such that only those with below average IQ score had an increased risk of reporting such symptoms.
Non-clinical psychotic symptoms occur in a significant proportion of 12-year-olds. Symptoms are associated with low IQ and also less strongly with a high IQ score. The pattern of association with IQ differs from that observed in schizophrenia.
非临床性精神病症状在儿童中似乎很常见，但部分报告的症状可能是误解所致。病前智商得分低与精神分裂症之间存在既定关联。儿童的类精神病症状也可能是精神障碍的一个风险因素，但其与智商的关系尚不清楚。
调查12岁儿童类精神病症状的患病率、性质和频率，并研究其与智商的关系。
采用阿冯父母与儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）出生队列进行纵向研究。共有6455名儿童完成了针对12种精神病症状的筛查问题，随后进行了半结构化临床评估。8岁时使用韦氏儿童智力量表（第3版英国版）评估智商。
一种或多种症状的6个月患病率为13.7%（95%可信区间12.8 - 14.5）。在对混杂变量进行调整后，智商得分与类精神病症状之间存在非线性关联，即只有智商得分低于平均水平的儿童报告此类症状的风险增加。
相当比例的12岁儿童存在非临床性精神病症状。症状与低智商有关，与高智商得分的关联较弱。与智商的关联模式与精神分裂症中观察到的不同。
