Pereira J, Palacios M, Collin T, Wedel R, Galloway L, Murray A, Violato C, Lockyer J
Division of Palliative Care, University of Ottawa.
Palliat Med. 2008 Dec;22(8):929-37. doi: 10.1177/0269216308094561. Epub 2008 Sep 4.
The University of Calgary offers a palliative care course that involves both classroom- and web-based learning for rural-based family medicine residents. This study assessed the impact of the course on palliative care-related competencies for two classes: 2004 and 2005. Instruments were developed to evaluate pre- versus post-course changes in knowledge (15-item quiz), attitudes (12-item survey), self-perceived comfort levels (19-item survey) and skills (3 long Objective Structured Clinical Examination stations (OSCEs), with accompanying standardised score sheets). In all, 16 and 20 residents participated in the 2004 and 2005 classes, respectively. Internal reliability values were acceptable to very good (Knowledge Quiz, Kuder-Richardson 20 = 0.5; Attitude Scale, alpha = 0.68-0.78; OSCE score sheets, alpha = 0.63-0.89; Self-Perceived Comfort Survey, alpha = 0.89-0.92). Inter-rater reliability values of the OSCE score sheets were alpha = 0.87 to 0.92. There was a significant improvement in the pre- versus post-course performances in OSCE 2 for 2004 and 2005 (P = 0.01; P = 0.01; d = 1.42 and 1.94, respectively). Despite statistically insignificant changes in the other OSCEs, acceptable to large effect sizes were noted (d = 0.4-1.34) for OSCE 1 in 2004 and OSCEs 3 in 2004 and 2005. Knowledge improved significantly pre-versus post-course in 2004 and 2005 (t = 4.44 and 8.99; d = 2.29 and 2.24, respectively). Significant improvements and large effect sizes were noted in the comfort scales, but a ceiling effect was noted in the communication subscale. This hybrid course resulted in significant improvements across four domains, knowledge, attitudes, self-perceived comfort scale, and skills, in 2 consecutive classes.
卡尔加里大学提供了一门姑息治疗课程,面向农村地区的家庭医学住院医师,采用课堂学习与网络学习相结合的方式。本研究评估了该课程对2004级和2005级两个班级姑息治疗相关能力的影响。开发了相关工具来评估课程前后在知识(15项测验)、态度(12项调查)、自我感知舒适度(19项调查)和技能(3个长站客观结构化临床考试(OSCE)及相应的标准化评分表)方面的变化。2004级和2005级分别有16名和20名住院医师参与。内部信度值为可接受至非常好(知识测验,库德 - 理查森20系数 = 0.5;态度量表,α系数 = 0.68 - 0.78;OSCE评分表,α系数 = 0.63 - 0.89;自我感知舒适度调查,α系数 = 0.89 - 0.92)。OSCE评分表的评分者间信度值α系数为0.87至0.92。2004级和2005级在OSCE 2的课程前后表现有显著改善(P = 0.01;P = 0.01;效应量d分别为1.42和1.94)。尽管其他OSCE的变化在统计学上不显著,但2004年的OSCE 1以及2004年和2005年的OSCE 3观察到了可接受至较大的效应量(d = 0.4 - 1.34)。2004年和2005年课程前后知识有显著提高(t = 4.44和8.99;效应量d分别为2.29和2.24)。舒适度量表有显著改善且效应量较大,但沟通子量表出现了天花板效应。这一混合课程在连续两个班级中,在知识、态度、自我感知舒适度量表和技能这四个领域都带来了显著改善。