Zhou Zheng, Yu Xiaomeng
Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2008 Oct;18(10):474-85. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2008.08.002. Epub 2008 Sep 4.
In metazoan organisms, cells undergoing apoptosis are rapidly engulfed and degraded by phagocytes. Defects in apoptotic-cell clearance result in inflammatory and autoimmune responses. However, little is known about how apoptotic-cell degradation is initiated and regulated and how different phagocytic targets induce different immune responses from their phagocytes. Recent studies in mammalian systems and invertebrate model organisms have led to major progress in identifying new factors involved in the maturation of phagosomes containing apoptotic cells. These studies have delineated signaling pathways that promote the sequential incorporation of intracellular organelles to phagosomes and have also discovered that phagocytic receptors produce the signals that initiate phagosome maturation. Here, we discuss these exciting new findings, focusing on the mechanisms that regulate the interactions between intracellular organelles and phagosomes.
在多细胞生物中，发生凋亡的细胞会迅速被吞噬细胞吞噬并降解。凋亡细胞清除过程中的缺陷会导致炎症和自身免疫反应。然而，关于凋亡细胞降解是如何启动和调控的，以及不同的吞噬靶点如何诱导吞噬细胞产生不同的免疫反应，我们知之甚少。最近在哺乳动物系统和无脊椎动物模型生物中的研究，在鉴定参与含有凋亡细胞的吞噬体成熟的新因子方面取得了重大进展。这些研究描绘了促进细胞内细胞器依次融入吞噬体的信号通路，还发现吞噬受体产生启动吞噬体成熟的信号。在此，我们讨论这些令人兴奋的新发现，重点关注调节细胞内细胞器与吞噬体之间相互作用的机制。
