Kawasaki Brian T, Farrar William L
Cancer Stem Cell Section, Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2008 Oct;29(10):464-8. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2008.07.005. Epub 2008 Sep 3.
The limited success seen in cancer immunotherapy signifies that an alternative approach is required. Advances in cancer biology have identified a biologically unique subpopulation of cells, termed cancer stem cells (CSC), that survive after conventional therapy. CSCs are the putative cancer-initiating cells responsible for tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. CSCs might be able to evade the immune system by generating a tolerogenic response facilitated by the immunosuppressive factor CD200. This article reviews the biological importance of CSCs and the potentially important role of CD200 in tumor immunology. Moreover, we discuss the prospective role CD200 plays in the ability of a CSC to escape the immune system. Future immunotherapy must consider targeting CSCs to achieve curative responses.
癌症免疫疗法取得的有限成功表明需要一种替代方法。癌症生物学的进展已确定了一种生物学上独特的细胞亚群，称为癌症干细胞（CSC），它们在传统治疗后仍能存活。癌症干细胞被认为是引发癌症的细胞，负责肿瘤的起始、进展和转移。癌症干细胞可能能够通过产生由免疫抑制因子CD200促成的耐受性反应来逃避免疫系统。本文综述了癌症干细胞的生物学重要性以及CD200在肿瘤免疫学中潜在的重要作用。此外，我们还讨论了CD200在癌症干细胞逃避免疫系统能力中所起的预期作用。未来的免疫疗法必须考虑靶向癌症干细胞以实现治愈性反应。
