Lerner Marc, Wigal Tim
University of California, Irvine, Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Orange, California 92868, USA.
J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2008 Aug;46(8):38-48. doi: 10.3928/02793695-20080801-06.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common mental health condition that affects children, adolescents, and adults. Because it is a chronic condition and typically requires effective treatment for several years or more, information on the benefits and risks of long-term pharmacotherapy for ADHD is vital to clinicians. This article reviews the emerging literature on the safety of long-term stimulant medications in ADHD-the most commonly prescribed medications for this condition. Common side effects, including cardiovascular effects, growth effects, and tics, are discussed, as well as treatment of children younger than age 6 and evidence of carcinogenic and reproductive effects.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种影响儿童、青少年和成人的常见心理健康状况。由于它是一种慢性疾病，通常需要数年或更长时间的有效治疗，因此关于ADHD长期药物治疗的益处和风险的信息对临床医生至关重要。本文综述了关于ADHD长期使用兴奋剂药物安全性的最新文献，兴奋剂是治疗该疾病最常用的药物。文中讨论了常见的副作用，包括心血管影响、生长影响和抽搐，以及6岁以下儿童的治疗情况和致癌及生殖影响的证据。
