Nikjeh Dee A, Lister Jennifer J, Frisch Stefan A
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2008 Nov;45(6):994-1007. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00689.x. Epub 2008 Sep 4.
Cortical auditory evoked potentials of instrumental musicians suggest that music expertise modifies pitch processing, yet less is known about vocal musicians. Mismatch negativity (MMN) to pitch deviances and difference limen for frequency (DLF) were examined among 61 young adult women, including 20 vocalists, 21 instrumentalists, and 20 nonmusicians. Stimuli were harmonic tone complexes from the mid-female vocal range (C4-G4). MMN was elicited by multideviant paradigm. DLF was obtained by an adaptive psychophysical paradigm. Musicians detected pitch changes earlier and DLFs were 50% smaller than nonmusicians. Both vocal and instrumental musicians possess superior sensory-memory representations for acoustic parameters. Vocal musicians with instrumental training appear to have an auditory neural advantage over instrumental or vocal only musicians. An incidental finding reveals P3a as a sensitive index of music expertise.
器乐演奏者的皮质听觉诱发电位表明，音乐专长会改变音高处理，但对于声乐演唱者的了解较少。在61名年轻成年女性中，研究了对音高偏差的失配负波（MMN）和频率差别阈限（DLF），其中包括20名单声演唱者、21名器乐演奏者和20名非音乐家。刺激为女性中声区（C4-G4）的和声复合音。MMN由多偏差范式诱发。DLF通过自适应心理物理学范式获得。音乐家能更早地检测到音高变化，且其DLF比非音乐家小50%。声乐演唱者和器乐演奏者在声学参数的感觉记忆表征方面均更优。接受过器乐训练的声乐演唱者在听觉神经方面似乎比仅从事声乐或器乐演奏的音乐家更具优势。一个意外发现表明，P3a是音乐专长的敏感指标。
