Cros P, Vernay M, Moncoulon R
ENSAT, Laboratoire de Zootechnie et des Productions Animales, Toulouse, France.
Reprod Nutr Dev. 1991;31(3):249-55. doi: 10.1051/rnd:19910306.
Four rumen and proximal duodenum fistulated non-lactating Holstein cows were used to determine the effect of extrusion at 120 degrees C of whole horse beans (Vicia faba cv Talo) on in vitro nitrogen (N) solubility and in situ degradation of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) in the rumen and intestine. Cows were fed a ration of 30% whole horse beans (WHB) and 70% Italian rye-grass hay. The degradation of DM and CP was estimated using nylon bags suspended in the rumen for 2, 4, 7, 16, 24 and 48 h; the effective ruminal degradability of DM and CP was evaluated assuming a ruminal outflow rate of 0.06/h. Bags incubated in the rumen for 16 h were introduced into the small intestine through the duodenal cannula and subsequently recovered in the feces. Extrusion of WHB reduced N-solubility in buffer solution (21.1 vs 74.9%). Processing diminished the effective rumen degradability of DM (74.6 vs 80.4%) and CP (70.2 vs 89.2%). Meanwhile, the amounts of DM and CP digested in the intestine increased: 9.6 vs 1.4% and 25.2 vs 3.0% respectively. Therefore, feeds containing extruded WHB increase the availability of dietary proteins in the intestine compared with diets containing raw WHB.
选用4头装有瘤胃和十二指肠近端瘘管的非泌乳荷斯坦奶牛，以测定120℃挤压处理的全粒马豆（蚕豆品种塔洛）对瘤胃和肠道中体外氮（N）溶解度以及干物质（DM）和粗蛋白（CP）原位降解的影响。给奶牛饲喂由30%全粒马豆（WHB）和70%意大利黑麦草干草组成的日粮。使用悬挂在瘤胃中的尼龙袋，分别在2、4、7、16、24和48小时测定DM和CP的降解率；假设瘤胃流出速率为0.06/h，评估DM和CP的有效瘤胃降解率。将在瘤胃中培养16小时的袋子通过十二指肠插管引入小肠，随后在粪便中回收。挤压处理的WHB降低了缓冲溶液中的氮溶解度（21.1%对74.9%）。加工处理降低了DM（74.6%对80.4%）和CP（70.2%对89.2%）的有效瘤胃降解率。同时，在肠道中消化的DM和CP量增加：分别为9.6%对1.4%和25.2%对3.0%。因此，与含有生WHB的日粮相比，含有挤压处理WHB的饲料可提高日粮蛋白质在肠道中的利用率。
