Yoder M C
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis.
Clin Perinatol. 1991 Jun;18(2):325-41.
Fibronectins are a class of multifunctional glycoproteins that exist in soluble and insoluble forms. These glycoproteins are found in nearly all body fluids and in tissue extracellular matrices. Alterations in the normal synthesis, release, and distribution of fibronectins are characteristic features of certain human pathophysiologic conditions. The therapeutic administration of plasma fibronectin to human patients with defects in corneal wound healing and critically ill adult patients with multisystem organ failure appears clinically beneficial, although confirmation is needed from additional trials in progress. In vitro data suggest a role for fibronectin in enhancing (directly and indirectly) the function of phagocytes isolated from the blood of newborn infants. Although as yet untested, it is possible that fibronectin administration to the immunologically immature human neonate may improve host defenses and reduce the risk of nosocomial infection. Additional research is needed to define the factors that regulate the synthesis, isoform expression, and clearance of endogenous fibronectins during normal fetal and neonatal development. Continued research to define the role of endogenous fibronectins in augmenting the inflammatory response of the neonatal host is also required before rational immunotherapeutic interventions can be initiated.
纤连蛋白是一类以可溶和不溶形式存在的多功能糖蛋白。这些糖蛋白几乎存在于所有体液和组织细胞外基质中。纤连蛋白正常合成、释放和分布的改变是某些人类病理生理状况的特征。对角膜伤口愈合有缺陷的人类患者和患有多系统器官衰竭的重症成年患者进行血浆纤连蛋白的治疗性给药在临床上似乎有益，不过仍需正在进行的其他试验加以证实。体外数据表明纤连蛋白在（直接和间接）增强从新生儿血液中分离出的吞噬细胞功能方面发挥作用。尽管尚未进行测试，但对免疫未成熟的人类新生儿给予纤连蛋白有可能改善宿主防御并降低医院感染风险。需要进一步研究来确定在正常胎儿和新生儿发育过程中调节内源性纤连蛋白合成、异构体表达和清除的因素。在能够启动合理的免疫治疗干预措施之前，还需要继续研究以确定内源性纤连蛋白在增强新生儿宿主炎症反应中的作用。
