Wolfersdorf M, Vogel R, Keller F, Hole G
Department of Psychiatry I, University of Ulm, Germany.
Crisis. 1991 Apr;12(1):34-47.
In this paper, results are shown of a study on suicides committed by psychiatric inpatients in four state mental hospitals in Baden-Württemberg, Federal Republic of Germany during the 15 years from January 1, 1970 up to the end of 1984. There was a mean suicide rate of 195 per 100,000 admissions. A comparison of 5-year sequences showed a significant increase of so-called hospital suicides in two of the hospitals at the end of the seventies and the beginning of the eighties. A statistical analysis of a trend of increase using nonparametric methods (Spearman rho, Kendall tau) showed a significant increase in the number of suicides and suicide rates in all four hospitals. In a second step, the same statistical procedure testing for an increase in the fifteen years was used for the group of schizophrenic (N = 106) and depressed (N = 55) inpatients who committed suicide. An impressive and highly significant increase was found especially in schizophrenic male inpatients with the ICD-9 diagnosis 295.3 (paranoid-schizophrenia), and within that group, in inpatients with 3 or more inpatient treatments. There was also an increase in the depressed group, especially in female depressives, but only significant at the 5% level in the trend analysis.
本文展示了一项关于1970年1月1日至1984年底期间，德国联邦共和国巴登-符腾堡州四家州立精神病院住院精神病人自杀情况的研究结果。每10万例入院病例的平均自杀率为195例。对5年时间段的比较显示，在七十年代末和八十年代初，其中两家医院所谓的院内自杀显著增加。使用非参数方法（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数、肯德尔等级相关系数）对自杀增加趋势进行统计分析表明，所有四家医院的自杀人数和自杀率均显著上升。第二步，对自杀的精神分裂症患者（N = 106）和抑郁症患者（N = 55）群体，采用相同的统计程序检验其在15年中的增长情况。结果发现，尤其是国际疾病分类第九版（ICD - 9）诊断为295.3（偏执型精神分裂症）的男性精神分裂症住院患者，以及在该组中接受过3次或更多次住院治疗的患者，自杀人数有显著且令人印象深刻的增加。抑郁症患者组的自杀人数也有所增加，尤其是女性抑郁症患者，但在趋势分析中仅在5%的水平上具有显著性。
